图表作文要点之连接词的使用和数据描述的常用表达
一、连接词的使用
图表作文是信息转述题,文章基本都是对于图或表格的事实进行陈述,因而句子之间没有很强的逻辑关系,连接词比较单调。但这并不意味着图表作文里的连接词不重要,图表作文的文字陈述若没有连接词引导,就会感觉文章衔接不紧密。下面华慧考博老师为广大考博考生总结了一些常用连接词:
1. 表示类似趋势的连接词: also, similarly, likewise
2. 表示趋势对比的连接词: at the same time, on the other hand, in contrast/by contrast, by comparison
虽然图表作文中的连接词比大作文中的连接词重要,但是不代表大家可以滥用这些连接词。不要每句话都写一个连接词,谨记“过犹不及”。
二、数据描述的常用表达
1. 多达:up to, as much as
例:The number of shoppers plunged by up to 23 per cent.
House prices fell as much as 40%between 1980 and 1985.
2. 仅仅:only, a mere, no more than
例:The web economy represents a mere 1% of the country's GDP.
3. 超过:top, exceed, in excess of
例:Exports topped (or exceeded) $ 10 billion in 2006.
The turnover of the industry was in excess of $ 1.5 billion.
4. 少于/多于:less than/more than
例:More than one-third of the British population has trouble sleeping from time to time.
5. 多于/少于:above, over/below
例:The consumption of fish was just below 50 grams.
Less beef was consumed (just over 50 grams).
6. 总数:a total of
例:A total of 900 million was spent on public transport.
7. 剩余的:remaining
例:Medicine represented 30 per cent of the company’s revenues, merchandise 40 per cent and vehicles the remaining 30 per cent.
8. 历史最高值,历史最低值:a new/record/all-time/new high, a new/all-time low
例:The enrolment rate dropped to an all-time low, 50%.
The price of oil reached a new high in 2010.
UK trade deficit with China rose almost 10% to 3 billion, a ten-year high.
9. (范围)从……到…… :ranging.. .from...
例:The price was volatile, ranging from $ 20 to s 40.
10. 分别地:respectively
例:Animal grazing and tree clearance constituted 25 per cent and 40 per cent of the world's land degradation respectively.
11. 到达最高点,到达,等于……:peak at, amount to, equal
例:Britain's crime rate peaked at 9% or so in 1999.
Time lost due to illness amounted to 1,200 working days.
12. 相比:versus
例:There was a steep decrease in the spending on education (223 million in 1989 versus 110 million in 1994).
13. 倍数的表达
1) 变成2/3/4倍:double/triple/quadruple
例:Rent as a percentage of the household expenditure more than doubled between 1974 and 1998.
2) 是……的2/3倍:double/twice/triple/treble
例:This park will cover 1,400 surface acres, twice the size of the old park.
This city had an accident rate triple the national average.
3) 2/3倍:twofold/threefold
例:There was a twofold increase in retail sales.
The rent on average increased threefold in the past five years.
4) 是……的2/3倍:twice/three times...as...as
例:Television was twice as popular as washing machine in 1999.
Britons were twice as likely to die from heart attacks as Italians and three times as Chinese.
5) 是……的3/4倍:three/four times more than...
例:An aggregate of 40,000 households bought new vehicles, three times more than the number in 2004.
14. 动态图时间的表达
1) 在……开始的时候:at the beginning of...
例: At the beginning of the 1960s,around one third of the country's population were smokers.
2) 在……中期之前by the middle of...
例:By the middle of the 20th century, the underground railway systems were built to serve more than one million passengers per year.
3) 在……结束之前:by the end of
例:Expenditure on resources dropped by the end of the period.
4) 直到 by, until
例:The unemployment rate remains above 20% until at least 2020.
5) 从……开始:from. . .onwards
例:From the 1970s onwards, the volume of exports underwent a period of growth.
6) 最少多长时间:for at least...
例:The house prices remained high for at least five years.
7) 在随后的……:in the following...
例:The investment fell to 5% per annum in the following five years.
8) ……年代的早期/中期/末期:the early.../the mid.../the late...
例:The crime rate rose from the mid-80s to the late 90s.
9) 多长时间内第一次:for the first time in...
例:Suicide rates declined for the first time in five years in 2010.
10) 连续:in a row;连续……年:for ...consecutive years
例:The number of visitors increased for five years in a row.
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