考博英语阅读理解中词汇题解题技巧(下)
在考博英语阅读中,我们能够很容易识别出词汇题这一题型,其提问方式通常为The word/phrase ______ in the passage is closest in meaning to…。这类词汇题所考查的词汇通常以动词和形容词为主,其难度为大学英语六级以上难度的词汇,而且词汇题中并不涉及话题词汇的考查,都是一些在听说读写四项中都会高频用到的非专业性词汇。
通常情况下这类词汇题所考查的是某个具体单词的基本含义,但偶尔也会考查它们在特定的语境中相对生僻的含义,也就是所谓的熟词僻意。
对于这类考博英语词汇题的备考策略而言,考生在备考阶段应以背单词为主要突破口,同时辅以根据上下文的逻辑关系来猜测词义的方法。除此之外,在平时的阅读中还要关注并积累一些常见的熟词僻意,以更全面地了解单词的含义。下面就从这三个方面进行详细的分析。
三、留意熟词僻意现象
在阅读词汇题中偶尔还会考查到熟词僻意的现象,即熟悉的单词考查的却是较为生僻的意思。对于这种类型的题目,考生要从以下三个方面来应对。首先,注意平时的积累。常考的熟词僻意数量有限,考生在做题过程中如果遇到则可以将其整理到自己的词汇本上并定期进行复习。其次,考生在背单词的过程中,应多留意所背单词的词性类别及在各类词性下的含义,对于一些已经熟悉的单词,则不妨停留一下看看还有没有其他的意思。最后,如果考试时确实遇到一个尚未认知的熟词僻意,则可以根据上下文的语境尝试将单词的意思推断出来。
例题分析:
The contraction of facial muscles both influences the internal emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that the so-called Duchenne smile, which is characterized by “crow’s feet” wrinkles around the eyes and a subtle drop in the eye cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward the eyeball, can lead to pleasant feelings.
Ekman’s observation may be relevant to the British expression “keep a stiff upper lip” as a recommendation for handling stress. It might be that a “stiff” lip suppresses emotional response-as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotion that leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.(2018年北京师范大学Passage 6)
- The word relevant in the passage is closest in meaning to
- contradictory
- confusing
- dependent
- applicable
例题分析:
Some species of tuna have specialized grooves in their tongue. It is thought that these grooves help to channel water through the mouth and out the gill slits, thereby reducing water resistance.(gt;2018年北京师范大学考博英语真题Passage 2)
- The word “channel” in the passage is closest in meaning to
- reduce
- remove
- direct
- provide
阅读中的词汇题,是属于一种最基础的题型,考察面较为单一,但是其题量大,占分多,要求考生在备考阶段做好充足的词汇积累,在做题过程中如遇到尚未认知的词汇则要擅于利用上下文所提供的逻辑线索积极进行推测,同时在平常的做题和阅读过程中还要有意识地积累高频出现的熟词僻意,以全面击破词汇题,抢占得分点。
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