1. One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.
[A] By [B] In [C] For [D] With
2. Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and being talked to it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.
[A] as [B] which [C] that [D] what
3. Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, they Christian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,and so on.
[A] be [B] being [C] were [D] are
1.[考点] 介词by与动词mean的搭配用法
[分析] 要正确解答本题,首先需要分析出第二个句子是倒装句,其正常语序为That a concept … in translation (主语从句) is meant this。动词mean常与by搭配,mean sth. by sth./doing sth.表示“(做)某事的意思是”,如:What do you mean by this?(你这样说是什么意思?)By nodding, we mean “yes”.(点头时,我们的意思是“是的”。)因此,[A]正确。其他项放在句中都不符合句意,in this意为“在于此”,for this意为“为此,因此”,with this意为“说完这话就……”,如:With this, he shut the book and left the room.(说完这话,他合上书,离开了房间。)
[句意] 翻译中的一个难点在于找到对应的概念。这就是说,一种语言中的概念经过翻译后,其意义会丢失或者改变。
2.[考点] so... that句型
[分析] 本题的解题关键是分析句子结构。Conversation becomes weaker in a society是主句,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词society。该定语从句的主语是关系代词that所指代的先行词society,从句的谓语部分是spend so much time (in) doing sth.。由于空格后是一个结构完整的句子,因此空格处应填入[C]that,从而与前面的so呼应,构成固定句型so... that……“如此……以至于”,that引导后面的结果状语从句。该句子中由于so和that分开较远,因此容易被忽视。误选[A]的考生应注意到,so ... as后应接不定式,而不是从句。句中all but相当于almost(几乎)。
[句意] 如果一个社会(的人们)花太多的时间倾听或被动地交谈从而几乎丧失了发表自己意见的意愿或技能,那么对话会变得没有生气。
3.[考点] 让步状语从句中的虚拟语气
[分析] 在以whether引导的让步状语从句中,谓语动词用动词原形,表示一种虚拟语气。也可以将从句的连接词whether省略,将动词原形be移到主语前,构成倒装结构。如:Be he friend or enemy, the law will regard him as criminal. (不管他是朋友还是敌人,法律都将把他视为罪犯。) 本题考查的就是后一种用法,因此,正确答案为[A]。
[句意] 我们使用教堂这个词指所有的宗教机构,不管是基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教,还是犹太教,等等。