语法是英语学习的基础,语法大关不过,阅读、完型、翻译和写作都会有难度,就别提过线和拿高分了。所以说,基础阶段,语法基础要打好。
原因状语从句的引导词有because(因为),as(由于),for(由于),since(既然,由于),now that(既然,由于),in that(由于),when(既然,由于),seeing (that)(由于,鉴于),considering(that)(考虑到,由于),given (that)(考虑到,由于)等。
1.because,since,for,as引导的原因状语从句
①because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句的后面,位于句首时要用逗号分开,放在句末时,可不用遇号分开。because表示直接原因,语气最强,常用于回答why的提问,并且前面可用强调词和not。需要注意的是because不可与 so 连用。
It is because I was ill,I didn't go to school yesterday.
正是因为生病了,我昨天才没去上学。
I did it not because I liked it but because I had to do it.
我做(这事)不是因为我喜欢做,而是因为我必须做。
②since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前,表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”),较为正式,语气比because 弱。since前不可用强调词和not,也不可用于强调句型。
Since you are better todoy,you had better finish your mathematics homework.
既然今天体身体好多了,你最好去完成你的数学作业。
Since you don't trust him,you should not employ him.
既然你不信任他,你就不应该启细他。
③as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”,语气比since 弱,较为正式,位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。as前不可用强调词和not,也不可用于强调句型。
As it is raining now,you'd better take a taxi.
由于现在正下雨,你最好还是叫个出租车吧。
As all the shops have been closed now,I have to stay at home
由于现在所有的商店都已经关门了,我不得不待在家里了。
④for引导的原因铁语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,而只是提供一些辅助性的补充说明,for 引导的从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号与主句隔开。
He could not have seen me that evening,for I did not take part in the party.
他那天晚上不可能见到我,因为我并没有参加那次聚会。
He seldom goes out now,for he is very old.
他现在很少出门,因为他年事已高。
2.in that 和 now that引导的原因状语从句
in that 常用于书面语中,表示“由于某种原因”;now that常用于口语中,表示微弱的原因,经常翻译为“既然”。
I did not know what had happened in that no one told me about that.
我原来并不知道发生了什么事,因为没有人告诉我。
Now that you've seen the house,I'll show you the grounds.
既然屋子你已看过了,我就领你参观一下庭院吧。
3.seeing(that).considering(that),given(that)引导的原因状语从句
用来引导原因状语从句时,三者皆可表示“考虑到,由于”。需要注意的是 given that也可以引导条件状语从句,翻译为“如果”。
Seeing (that)he refused to help us,there's no reason why we should now help him.
由于他曾经拒绝帮助我们,我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。
Considering (that) the child has admitted his mistake,we'd better forgive him.
考虑到这个小孩已经承认他的错误了,我们还是原谅他吧。
Given that they are inexperienced,they've done a good job.
由于他们缺乏经验,所以说这项工作他们做得已经很不错了。
4.when 引导的原因状语从句
when除了引导时间状语从句以外,还可以引导原因状语从句,意为“既然,考虑到”。
How can I make progress when I get no help?
既然没有人帮助我,那我怎么会取得进步呢?
It was foolish of you to walk there when you could take a taxi.
既然能打车,而你还步行到那儿,真够愚蠢的。
原因状语从句的引导词有because(因为),as(由于),for(由于),since(既然,由于),now that(既然,由于),in that(由于),when(既然,由于),seeing (that)(由于,鉴于),considering(that)(考虑到,由于),given (that)(考虑到,由于)等。
1.because,since,for,as引导的原因状语从句
①because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句的后面,位于句首时要用逗号分开,放在句末时,可不用遇号分开。because表示直接原因,语气最强,常用于回答why的提问,并且前面可用强调词和not。需要注意的是because不可与 so 连用。
It is because I was ill,I didn't go to school yesterday.
正是因为生病了,我昨天才没去上学。
I did it not because I liked it but because I had to do it.
我做(这事)不是因为我喜欢做,而是因为我必须做。
②since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前,表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”),较为正式,语气比because 弱。since前不可用强调词和not,也不可用于强调句型。
Since you are better todoy,you had better finish your mathematics homework.
既然今天体身体好多了,你最好去完成你的数学作业。
Since you don't trust him,you should not employ him.
既然你不信任他,你就不应该启细他。
③as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”,语气比since 弱,较为正式,位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。as前不可用强调词和not,也不可用于强调句型。
As it is raining now,you'd better take a taxi.
由于现在正下雨,你最好还是叫个出租车吧。
As all the shops have been closed now,I have to stay at home
由于现在所有的商店都已经关门了,我不得不待在家里了。
④for引导的原因铁语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,而只是提供一些辅助性的补充说明,for 引导的从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号与主句隔开。
He could not have seen me that evening,for I did not take part in the party.
他那天晚上不可能见到我,因为我并没有参加那次聚会。
He seldom goes out now,for he is very old.
他现在很少出门,因为他年事已高。
2.in that 和 now that引导的原因状语从句
in that 常用于书面语中,表示“由于某种原因”;now that常用于口语中,表示微弱的原因,经常翻译为“既然”。
I did not know what had happened in that no one told me about that.
我原来并不知道发生了什么事,因为没有人告诉我。
Now that you've seen the house,I'll show you the grounds.
既然屋子你已看过了,我就领你参观一下庭院吧。
3.seeing(that).considering(that),given(that)引导的原因状语从句
用来引导原因状语从句时,三者皆可表示“考虑到,由于”。需要注意的是 given that也可以引导条件状语从句,翻译为“如果”。
Seeing (that)he refused to help us,there's no reason why we should now help him.
由于他曾经拒绝帮助我们,我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。
Considering (that) the child has admitted his mistake,we'd better forgive him.
考虑到这个小孩已经承认他的错误了,我们还是原谅他吧。
Given that they are inexperienced,they've done a good job.
由于他们缺乏经验,所以说这项工作他们做得已经很不错了。
4.when 引导的原因状语从句
when除了引导时间状语从句以外,还可以引导原因状语从句,意为“既然,考虑到”。
How can I make progress when I get no help?
既然没有人帮助我,那我怎么会取得进步呢?
It was foolish of you to walk there when you could take a taxi.
既然能打车,而你还步行到那儿,真够愚蠢的。