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考博英语无选项完型填空没有备选项的答题思考与技巧
无选项完型填空，即一篇文章挖出10-20个空格，要求我们直接补全信息，没有备选项供我们选择。这种题型是复旦大学、对外经贸大学、中山大学、湖南大学等高校常考题型。那么我们如何在没有任何提示词的情况下，将一篇信息残缺的文章补全呢？华慧考博老师认为做完型填空就像玩拼图游戏一样，首先我们必须看一看整体画面，心中有一个全貌。接着，我们会根据每一块拼图的形状，颜色，大小进行试拼，同时会参考整体画面筛选。最后我们会整体看一遍，并欣赏自己的作品。因此完型填空的做题步骤分为：
第一步，通读全文，明晰结构和中心。一篇文章一般只表达一个中心思想，我们需要通过快速阅读抓住文章的中心，那么文章的段落以及段落中的句子都是围绕这个中心展开的。那么我们怎么能找出这个中心呢？英语文章写作一般遵循的是“总分结构”。即先表明主旨句，再通过举例、列举事实、做实验、引用名人名言阐释主旨句。因此我们需要重点阅读首段，首段如果第二三句出现however，but等转折连词，则需看转折连词后面的句意，每段的首句，从而得出文章的中心。
真题中心和结构分析
Most parents, I suppose，have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their (1)______.And they must have (2)_____how difficult it is to write a good children's book. Either the author has aimed too (3)_____，so that the children can't follow what is in his (or more often, her) story, (4)_____ the story seems to be talking to the readers.
The best children's books are neither very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the children who (5)_____the story and the adult who (6) _____it. Unfortunately, there are in fact (7)_____ books like this, so the problem of finding the right bedtime story is not (8)_____to solve. This may be why many of books regarded as works of children's literature were in fact written for (9)______. “Alice's Adventure in Wonderland” is perhaps the most obvious of this. Children, left for themselves, often (10)_____ the worst possible interest in literature. Just leave a child in bookshop or (11)_____ and he will more willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way, or have a (12)at most children's comics, full of the stories and jokes which are the objections of teachers and right-thinking parents.
Perhaps we parents should (13)_____ trying to brainwash children into accepting our taste in literature. After all children and adults are so (14)_____ that we parents should not expect that they will enjoy the (15)_____books. So I suppose we'll just have to compromise over that bedtime story.
通过第一段第一、二句Most parents, I suppose，have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their (1)______.And they must have (2)_____how difficult it is to write a good children's book.可知文章描写父母给孩子读睡前故事引出了一个问题：要写好一本儿童读物很难。
通过文章第二段第一句The best children's books are neither very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the children who (5)_____the story and the adult who (6) _____it. Unfortunately,…可知写好儿童读物的要求，unfortunately一词说明，现实生活中儿童读物存在的问题，并举例《爱丽丝漫游仙境》的反例以及说明可能的结果。
通过文章第三段第一句Perhaps we parents should (13)_____ trying to brainwash children into accepting our taste in literature.可知作者在此给父母提出了解决此办法的建议：应停止试图给孩子们洗脑，让他们接受我们对文学的品味。
因此可得出本文中心意思：分析了写好一本儿童读物难的原因及对策。
第二步，细读每段，进行试填。采用“先易后难”的原则，运用语法知识、生活背景知识，单词和词汇知识、逻辑关系、同词复现等技巧，以句子为单位，去分析每一空的句法结构，明确词性，结合文章语境确定最佳答案。
例： __12__ thought that I might be subjected __13__ the torture and humiliation of a severe mental illness had never entered my head.
很多人粗看这句第12空都会填“I”，也是说将“thought”看成动词think的过去式，that…entered my head看成宾语从句。但是如果细看that引导的从句会发现，如果这样划分句子成分，那么that从句有两个谓语动词，语法结构就不正确了。遇到从句，我们需要先划从句并判断从句类型。that引导的从句应到mental illness结束才对。所以可以断定thought是名词“想法”，that引导的是同位语从句，had entered是主句的谓语动词，my head是宾语。因此第12空应填一个能够修饰名词thought的词汇，因为thought被后面的同位语从句所解释，是特指含义，所以填定冠词“The”。
第13空根据固定短语的背景知识可知是考“be subjected to遭受”，因此填“to”。
第三步，代入答案，整体检查。我们填完后，一定要花1-2分钟的时间再读一遍答案，重点从篇章结构来确定难填的选项，重点从语境大意、句子段落间逻辑关系、语法结构和同词复现等角度来思考。
例：Here is a great irony of 21st-century global public health: While many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of economic inequities, political corruption, or warfare, many hundreds of millions __1__ are overweight to the point of increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases. Obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert scarce resources__2__ from food security to take care of people with preventable heart disease and diabetes.
To reverse the obesity epidemic, we must address fundamental causes. Overweight comes from consuming more food energy than __3__ is expended in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less active. Market economies encourage this. They turn people with expendable income into consumers of aggressively marketed foods that are high in energy but low in __4__ value, and of cars, television sets, and computers that promote sedentary behavior Gaining weight is good for business. Food is particularly big business because everyone eats.
Moreover, food is so overproduced that many countries, especially the rich ones, have far more than they need —__5 __ irony.
第5空可能初填会有难度，因为一篇文章，不光要考虑每一句的句子结构，还要注意句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。从第一段第一句的Here is a great irony of 21st-century global public health；以及第二段第三句的The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity.可知第5空应填another“另一个”，说明第三段是在介绍“第三个讽刺”。
总结：无选项完型填空重点考法语法在语境中灵活运用的能力。不光要能分析每空词性，还要分析句子结构和段落逻辑，把握文章中心思想。备考此类题型，建议先要复习好词汇、语法和进行一段时间阅读训练后，再集中精力训练此种题型会更有效果。
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